Hair-curling apparatus



P. SANTURELLO HAIR CURLING APPARATUS April 5, 1927. 1,623,758

Filed May 7. 1926 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Pefer janfurafla INVENTOR;

A TTORNEY 1,623,758 Ap 5, 1927' P. SANTURELLO HAIR CURLING APPARATUSFiled May '7; 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W, 27 30 L Z (ml! Pefer 5a/7/urz//0V'INVENYTOR.

1 April 7 P. SANTURELLQ HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed May '7, 1926 5Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY 0 M w f M 5 f m P I Patented Apr. 5 1927.

PETER SANTURELLO, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HAIR-CURLING APPARATUS.

1 Application filed May '2, 1926. Serial No. 107,489.

My invention relates broadly to a hair curling apparatus and has to doparticularly withjtheprovision of a device for winding hair upon amandrel'and for simultaneously.

5 covering such hair with a tape.

In the past, in the permanent waving of hair, it has been the practiceto secure-a:

mandrel to a lock or bunch of hair'a djacent the scalpiby means ofapiece -;of string or the like and to then 'wind or .coil the hair I byhand about the mandrel and secure the remote ends thereof to the mandrelby a second piece of string. The hair so wound about the ,niandrel wasthen coveredby a spirally wrapped tape and then subjected to heat. Thisprocess is not only laborious, colnp'icated and slow but it involves theuse of various-tools for .tensioning the hair upon the mandrel, which isusuallypro- 0 vided with a ratchet mechanism for securing the hair intaut position. Also the winding of the-hair and tape requiresconsiderable skill on the part of. the-operator and uniform andsatisfactory results are not always 3 obtained.

- invention. provides, among other things, mechanism for securing amandrel to the hair without the use of' strings, et cetera; mechanicalmeans for winding .or

) coi'ing the hair upon the mandrel and for simultaneously covering suchhair with a spirally woundtape; and means for stretchin. and overlappingthe successive spirals of hair and .tape toobtain tightly and uniformlywound curls of hair. f

The principal object of my'inventionjis the provision of means wherebythe curling and tape wrapping operations may be rap idly accomplishedwithout damaging the hair or requiring the services of a skilledoperator.

' Another object of my invention is the provision of a positive,effective and easily manipulated gripping and locking device forattaching the mandrel to a lock of hair adjacent the scalp.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a device formechanically winding hair about a mandrel in a manner which ensuresoverlapping of the successive spirals and produces deep uniform, andequally tensioned curls.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of mechanismfor'wra ping a tape around the hair upon the man el and -for performingthis tape winding operation simultaneously with the hair winding oper- Iatlon.

Another 'object of my invention is the provision 'of means for securingthe wound ha rJ-and tape upon the mandrel during the subsequent.dampening and heating operation.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of means forsecuring the mandrel and heating apparatus together during the steamingof the hair.

Other important features of my inven tion will appear as the descriptionprogresses and will be more particularly defined in the appended claims.v The various objects of my invention may be obtained bvlthe embodimentillustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein similar referencenumerals designate corresponding parts in the several figures andwherein-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a curling mandrel showing myimproved hair grip- ,ping and locking device attached thereto;

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the hair gripping and locking deviceshown in Figure 1;

" Figure 3 is a perspective view of the mandrel and gripping deviceshown in Figure 1 with parts disassembled and showing the manner ofsecuring the different parts in operative relation, and the spirallyrecessed plates which co-act to attach'the mans drelf to a lock of hair;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the device employed for winding thehair and tape around the mandrel;

Figure 5 is a perspective view similar-to Figure 4 but showing theopposite s1de of the winder and particularly the slot through which thetape enters Figure 6 is a perspective view of the tape containing shelland parts for attaching it to the winder; I p p Figure 7 is aperspective view of the winder and'tape container in assembled relation;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of one form of spring clip for securingthe mandrel within the heating apparatus;

Figure 9 is3aperspective view showing the mandrel, hair winder and tapecontainer" in assembled relation and a lock of hair secured in thegripping head preparatory to the hair and tape winding operation;

' Figure 10 is a perspective view similar w ardly depending flange 6carrying astop" to Figure 9 showing the hair partially wo'und upon themandrel and the tape covering the wound hair;

Figure 11 is a side elevational view showing the hair and tape windingoperations completed, the tape container having been removed from thewinder and the mandrel secured within the heating apparatus;

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a modified winder;

Figure 13 is a perspective view showingthe same winder as is shown inFigure 12 but with parts in dotted lines to show the interior thereof;

Figure 14 is a side elevational view show-* ing in particular an adapterwhereby my novel mandrel and winder may be fitted to heaters ofdifi'er'ent sizes and designs;

Figure 15 is a side elevational view, partly broken away to show theinterior of the adapter shown in Figure 14 and the spring clip forholding the mandrel in assembled relation therewith;

Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 1616 of Figure15;

Figure 17 is a transverse sectional view a lockof hair in closeproximity to the scalp.

This gripping device comprises the superimposed plates 2 and 3 which arepreferably co-axially mounted and formed with the opposed spiralrecesses or slots 4 and 5 for a purpose which will hereafter appear. Thelower plate 2 may be formed with a down- 7, a centrally disposedexternally threaded pro ect1on'8, adapted to interfit with theinternally threaded end 9 of the mandrel 1, and an oppositely extendinginternallythreaded post 10 forming a bearing portion for the upper plate3. .The upper plate 3 may be formed'with a flange 11 which encloses partof the flange 6 of the plate 2 whenthe two plates are superimposed, and,may also-be provided with lugs 12 and 13 which abut the stop 7 formed onthe flange 6 of the plate 2 when the upper plate is revolved oroscillated about the post 10.

, The two plates 2 and 3 may be secured incontacting relation by meansofa screw 14 'WllHll engages a threadedsocket in the post 10.. The head ofscrew 14 is preferably have been revolved'pr oscillated.

countersunk or positioned in the cup 15 formed on plate 3 and aresilient washer or spring 16 may be interposed between the cup-15 andthe head of screw 14 for increasing the friction between plates 2 and 3.With the construction justdescribed, the plates 2 and 3 are revoluble or'oscillatable main in any relative position to which they hen in theposition shown in Figures 1- and 2 a lock of hair may be inserted inopening 17 and either plate revolved relatively to the other by turningplate 3 by means of prm jection 18 or by turning mandrel 1 to which theplate 2 is secured. The plates 2 and 3 are arranged in overlappingrelation and the screw 14: countersunk or encased by cup 15 to preventthe hair from becoming entangled or fast in the device when in use.

In the use of the grippingdevice just described, when a lock of hair onthe scalp has been segregated and positioned in the vopening 17, one ofthe plates 2 or 3 is revolved or turned with relation to the other andtlie spiral slots 4 and 5 progressively eclipse-the opening 17 until'themandrel is tightly, secured to the hair, as shown in Figure 9. Thefriction between plates 2 and 3 will be sufi icient to prevent looseningof the plates or disengagement of the hair during succeeding operations.The opening 17 first completely encloses the hair and then becomesprogressively smaller as the plates 2 and 3 are revolved, and myinvention thus provides means for accommodating different sized locks orbunches of hair.

The winding device for wrapping or coiling the'hair around the mandrel 1comprises a hook-like outwardly extending finger 19, a relatively narrowhelical slot 20 which communicates with a comparatively larger opening21 and an internallyenlarged cup portion 22 which is formed incontinuation of the main body portion 23. "The centrally bored main bodyportion 23' of 'thewinder may be provided with thevoppositely disposedribs 24 and 25 and a projection 26 for a purpose to be hereafterexplained. The main body portion 23 is also preferably with reference toeach other and they reformed withtlie externally threaded spring"segments '27 that are separated by slots 28 and carry a knurled nut 29which is adapted to .constrict the opening 30.when screwed onto theslightlytaper'ing segments 27 and so hold the winder in any desiredposition upon the mandrel. The enlarged cup portion 22 is designed-tocontain the lock or bunch of hair 31 (Figure 10) which is car-' riedthereinto by the finger 19 and helical slot 20, and thelip 32 functionsto smooth and stretch the hair as it is being wound.-

The helical slot 20 and opening 31 are preferably proportioned to carrythe hair into the cup port1on 22, stretch it and overlap the successivespirals to form uniform,

deep and properly tensioned curls or coils upon the mandrel.

One of the principal objects of my -invention is the provision of meansfor simultaneously' wrapping the hair being wound upon the mandrel witha tape. Therefore, I have provided a tape container which is adapted tobe removably attached to the winder. This tape container asbest shown inFigure 6 comprises a shell 33 which is and 24 of the winder and thebracket slid onto the winder until stopped by the dent 40 abuttingagainst themain body portion 23 of the winder. When in this position thebracket may be revolved slightly with reference to the winder, whereuponthe notch 39 will engage with the projection-26 and Figures 'tioned, inthe above so effectually prevent the bracket from moving lengthwise ofthe winder during subsequent operations' When properly posidescribedmanner the slot 35 of the tape containing shell 33 will register withthe tape slot 41 or the winder. ie tape employed is preferably of cloththereof may he slipped onto the central spindle '34 of the tapecontainer 33 and its free end projected through the slot 35. The freeend of the roll of .tape 42 may. be tapered or cut away as clearly shown'in 9 and 10. After the roll of tape has been positioned upon thespindle 34 and its free end threaded through slot 35, the bracket 36maybe attached to the winder and the free end of the tape passed throughslot 41. WVhen thus assembled and the winder slid onto the mandrel thedevice presents the appearance shownin Figure 9.-

In 'opera-t on, when the mandrel 1 has been secured to a previouslysegregated lock or bunch of hair adjagent the scalp by/revolw mg oroscillating either of theplates 2 or 3 as previouslydescribed, thewinder is'slid into contact with the underside of platc'2 the hairengaged under finger 19 and the winder revolved whereupon the hair willbe carried into the opening 21. Meanwhile the i end of the tape is heldby the projecting end thereof until wound. shown in Figure 10 and byreference thereto, it Will-be seen that the edges of opening'21 andthelip 32 of the \vinder'earry'the hair 31 around the mandrel, and thatthe slot 41 the first few spirals have been The. winding *operation isbest" hair is also stretched, smoothed and spread and the successivespirals overlapped by the turning of the winder. The spirals of hair andtape are also overlapped so that parts of the spirals of .hair areenclosed: between the successive layers of tape and parts are presseddirectly between the mandrel and overlying tape. The winding operationis continued until about all of the hair and tape have been wound aroundthe mandrel, whereupon the downward movement of the winder is preferablydiscontinued and the winder simply revolved until all of the ends of theindividual hairs have disappeared intothe cup portion 22 and all ofthetape has been unwound from the spindle 34 When this has occurred thewinder may be a forced against the wound hair and tape to compact itlengthwise, the winder being preferably simultaneously revolved to givethe hair and tape a final stretching, then the nut 29 may be tightenedto secure the winder in -place upon the mandrel during succeedingoperations. The appearance of the device during an intermediate stage ofthe hair and tape winding is illustrated in Figure 10. Duringthe'winding operation, the clamps. 38 serve as a convenient grip for thefingers. After the hair and tape have been wound upon'the mandrel thebracket 36 may be removed from the winder and when this'has been donethe device appears as illustrated in Figure 11. It will be understoodthat the ends of the hairand tape are securely held within the cupportion 22 of the winder and thereby prevented from loosening orunwinding during subsequent operations.

Vhen the hair has been wound on the mandrel as above'described, it isready for the heating or steaming operation. The roll of tape 42 may.-be dampened with the hair has been completed the exact time of, dampenmg somewhat upon tlie-'-pi'efei"eiice of the user, For the purposeofapplying heat to the hair and tape any desired type of heater may beemployed and I have diagraminati cally shownan electric heater in Figure11 which comprises a tube 5-) and a resistance element container 51. Themandrel may be positioned in this heater as-shown in Figure 11 andsecured therein by means of the spring. clamps 52 and 53 which engagewith the groove 54'around the end of the mandrel. These. spring clampsare secured to a plate 55 and are provided with portions 56 which engagewith the walls of the tubel50. Thus the mandrel is securely butremovably'held within the heater and the plate 55 together ing.

of sufficient length to fit most any heater with the plate 2 of thegripping liead forms a seal to prevent escape of steam during theheating. The spring clamps may be easily adjusted longitudinally of thetube 50.,to

are all in opposition so that revolving or manipulating one part willnot loosen or disengage other parts which have been previously securedtogether.

In Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 is illustrated a novel arrangement wherebymy mandrel may be adapted for use in heating elements of different sizesand designs. There'are on the market a great many different sizedheaters for steaming the hair wound upon a mandrel, and these heatershave central openings of differentsizes and are of widely varyinglength. Therefore, I have provided an adapter comprising a tube having aflared end 81 and its other end fitted with a removable cap 82. Slidablymounted on the tube 80 is a collar 83 having a tapered portion 84 andprovided with a set screw 85 whereby the said collar may be secured'inany desired position upon the tube 80. .Thetube 80 may be insertedthrough the central open-. mg 87 of the particular heater 86, the collar83 and cap 82 being removed at this time and then the collar 83 slidonto the tube and secured in place by the set screw 85. The cap82together with the. depending flange of the lower plate of the hairgripping device will prevent escape of steam during the heat- It will/benoted that the tube 80 is and that the flared end 81 together withthetapered portion 84 of the collar 83 adapt "the tube to heaters havingdifferent sized central openings.

\Vithin the tube 80 I have provided a "spring clip 90 having resilienttongues 91- and 92 which, are provided with corners 93 intendedtogengage the'inner wall of'thetube 80 m such a manner'as to preventsliding of the clip 90 as" the end groove 5& of the mandrel is insertedbetween the ,resilient tongues 91 and 92. This spring .clip forms.

a convenient means of removably securing the mandrel Within theheatingapparatus and together witlithe tube 80, which is preferably formed froma metal having a high thermal conductivity, provided means for lt-willbe noted that the entire appaadapting my mandrel and winding apparatusto the different types and sizes of heaters.

- In Figure 18, I show a temperature indicating device which may beemployed in association with the adapter tube 80 or in directvassociation with any other type of heater. In the heating or steaming ofhair wound upon a mandrel it is the practice to expose the hair for acertain definite time to the action of the heat, and this practice isobjectionable because variations in the strength of'the current passingthrough the resistance element and variations in other factors cause thehair to be heated either too much or'too little during the time the hairremains within the heater. Accordingly I haveprovided a temperatureindicating device which may be removably positioned within an opening101 of a cap 102 designed to engage with the end of adapter tube 80 orwith the end'of the particular heater with which it is employed. Thistemperature indicator may comprise a thermometer 103 suitably graduatedas at 104 and having its bulb portion 105 which is preferably encased bya metal sheath 106 positioned within a relatively large chamber 107formed in the cap 102. In using this device the operator may know theexact temperature to which the hair is being subjected and so eitherprolong or shorten the ordinary heating time as found necessary toobtain the best results. Another way of using this device is to ignorethe usual time period and 100 simply heat the hair until the thermometerindicates a certain predetermined temperature.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have provideda device which may be employed for curling hair in a minimum time and ina uniform and systematica manner. My invention also, properl tensionsthe hair, avoids the use of strings and the like and performssimultaneously'the two ordinarily separate operations of hair: windingand taping. It will furthermore be apparent that my novel adapter makespossible the use of my mandrel and r winder with heaters ofdifierent'sizes and designs and that the temperature indicating devicemakes possible a very accurate. control of the heat towhich the hair'issubjected.

I claim is: a 1. In a device of the class described, the combination ofa mandreh; a winder and a tape container removably' secured to'saidHaving thus described my invention, what 120.

lock of hair around said mandrel and simultaneously covering the hair socurled with a tape.

4. A device of the class described, comprising in combination, amandrel, rotatable means for wrapping hair around said mandrel and meansfor covering the hair so Wrapped, around said mandrel with a tape.

5. A device ofthe class described, comprising a winder and a tapecontainer attached to said winder. I

6. A device of the class'described, comprising a mandrel, a winderadapted to wrap hair around said mandrel, a tape, and a slot ormed insaid winder for wrapping said tape around said mandrel.

7. A device of the class described, comprising a mandrel. hair windingmeans revolubly and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and tachedto saidwinder, said tape container embodying means for supporting a roll oftape.

8. A device of the class described, comprising a mandre, a slotted hairwinder revolubly and slidably mounted upon said mandrel and meansattached to said winder .and adapted to support a roll of tape inproximity to the slot in said winder.

9. A halr winder for wrapping a lock of hair around a mandrel embodyingmeans for covering the hair so wrapped with a tape.

sleeve embodying 10. In combination, a mandrel, a revoluble Winder forwrapping hair around said mandrel and means for wrapp ng a tape aroundsaid hair.

tion having slotted segments, said segments having frictionalcontac'twith the mandrel and permitting said tudinally of said mandrel.

12. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, a winding device comprising 9.reduce end portion a tape container removably atdevice to slide longi acylindrical having slotted segments, said segments havingfrictionalcontact with the mandrel and permitting said device-to slide lonitudinally of said mandrel, and means acapted to engage said segments tolock said device upon said mandrel.

13. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, and a winding devicecomprising a cylindrical sleeve embodying anenlarged cup portion havinga finger and a helical slot and a reduced end portion comprising slottedsegments, said "segments having frictional contact with the mandrel andpermitting said device to slide longitudinally of said mandrel.

14. In hair curling apparatus, a tube adapted to contain a mandrelhaving a slidable movable means mounted thereon for positioning andsecuring the said tube within the central openings of heaters of variousSIZES.

15. In hair curling apparatus, a tube adapted to contain a mandrelhaving a slidably movable means disposed about the circumference thereoffor positioning and securing the said tube within the central openingsof heaters of various sizes.

16. In hair curling apparatus, a heater having a central opening, atube, a mandrel mounted within said tube, and a sl-idably movable meansdisposed" about the circumference of said tube for positioning and securng said tube within the central opening of said heater.

17. In hair curling apparatus, a heater having a central opening, atube, a mandrel v mounted Within said tube, and a slidably movable meansdisposed about the circumference of said tube for positioning andsecuring said tube within the central openlng of said heater, said tubecontaining a resilient clip for rigidly holding said mandrel. Intestimony whereof I hereby afiix my signature.

PETER SANTURELLO.

